Operating at such a massive scale, Instacart experienced three main challenges. First, they needed to optimize retailer coverage to ensure that underserved areas, including food deserts, could access fresh groceries. Secondly, the company sought to improve delivery efficiency, requiring precise routing for their large network of shoppers while adapting to diverse city layouts. Thirdly, there was a need for scalable tools to analyze spatial variability in shopper and customer behavior, all while ensuring usability across teams with varying levels of geospatial expertise.